CBSE · Class 10 · Geography · Chapter 2
Forest and Wildlife Resources — Class 10 Geography (CBSE) explained
- Board exam 2026-27
- 4 lessons
- 28 scenes
- About 22 min
- Updated
Quick answer
Forest and Wildlife Resources is Chapter 2 of CBSE Class 10 Geography. It covers flora and fauna in daily life, visual evidence of human–forest connections, project Tiger and named reserves, permanent forest estates, community action and livelihoods and chipko's conservation contribution. AI Lessons teaches it in 4 narrated lessons (about 22 minutes) with an AI tutor and board-pattern practice.
What you’ll learn
Lesson 1: Biodiversity and the Need for Conservation
5 min- A Shared Planet: The Chapter's Opening
- Biodiversity and the Web of Interdependence
- Flora and Fauna in India
- Why Conserve Forests and Wildlife?
- Figure 2.1: People and Forest Resources
- The Indian Wildlife (Protection) Act
- Protection for Threatened Animals
Lesson 2: Tiger Conservation and Forest Categories
5 min- The Tiger Population Warning
- Why Were Tigers Threatened?
- Project Tiger and Its Conservation Purpose
- Conservation Expands to Insects and Plants
- Reserved Forests
- Protected and Unclassed Forests
- Permanent Forest Estates
Lesson 3: Forest Distribution and Community Action
6 min- Distribution of Forest Categories
- Newspaper Headlines as Questions
- Communities, Habitats and Livelihoods
- Bhairodev Dakav 'Sonchuri'
- The Chipko Movement
- Community Action in Ecological Farming
- Joint Forest Management
Lesson 4: Traditional Conservation and Chapter Practice
6 min- Sacred Groves
- Trees Protected Through Community Traditions
- Traditional Protection of Nature and Animals
- Put Communities into Resource Management
- Reflect on Conservation in Everyday Life
- Prepare for the Textbook Exercises
- Chapter Recap: Connect, Explain and Practise
Key concepts
- Flora and fauna in daily life
- India is described as one of the world's richest countries in its vast array of biological diversity.
- Visual evidence of human–forest connections
- The activities are different: nursery work, selling forest produce and collecting leaf litter.
- Project Tiger and named reserves
- Manas Tiger Reserve is in Assam, and Periyar Tiger Reserve is in Kerala.
- Permanent forest estates
- Reserved and protected forests are also called permanent forest estates.
- Community action and livelihoods
- Conservation is not presented only as something governments do; people living near or within these habitats also take action.
- Chipko's conservation contribution
- The famous Chipko movement in the Himalayas is presented through two achievements. It successfully resisted deforestation in several areas.
- Community traditions and sacred trees
- The larger point is that cultural traditions can contribute to preserving particular trees.
- Traditional animal protection
- Indian society includes several cultures, each with traditional methods of conserving nature.
Exam focus
- Board exam
- CBSE assesses this chapter in the 2026-27 year-end board examination.
- Syllabus
- Forest and Wildlife Resources. Learning outcomes: examine the importance of conserving forests and wildlife and their interdependency in maintaining the ecology for the sustainable development of India; analyse the role of grazing and wood cutting in the development and degradation; summarise the reasons for conservation of biodiversity under sustainable development; discuss how developmental works, grazing, wood cutting have impacted the forests; use art integration to summarise and present the reasons for conservation of biodiversity in India under sustainable development.
- Exam note
- No map items listed for this chapter.
- Paper pattern
- Social Science 80 marks, 3 hours, 38 questions; Section B Geography 20 marks (17 + 3 map pointing). VSA 2 marks (<=40 words), SA 3 marks (<=60 words), LA 5 marks (<=120 words), case-based 4 marks (3 sub-questions, <=100 words); map question in Geography 3 marks.
- Question style
- About 50% of board questions are competency-focused.
- Practice in the app
- 93 board-pattern questions with marking schemes: 30 multiple choice (1 mark), 26 very short answer (2 marks), 20 short answer (3 marks), 5 long answer (5 marks) and 12 case-based (4 marks).
Sample questions with marking points
Board-pattern questions from the AI Lessons practice set for this chapter. The marking points show what an examiner looks for; full model answers are in the app.
Very short answer2 marks
A development proposal is supported only because it promises economic returns. State the two other conditions it should satisfy to be suitable.
Marking points
- The activity should be people centric.1
- The activity should be environment-friendly.1
Short answer3 marks
A forest plan describes permanent forest estates as 'reserved forests managed only for timber'. Correct this description in three points.
Marking points
- Permanent forest estates include both reserved and protected forests.1
- Their production purpose includes timber and other forest produce.1
- They are also maintained for protective reasons.1
Long answer5 marks
A development committee argues that conservation should be left entirely to government agencies because community action cannot protect habitats or support livelihoods. Assess this view using five relevant examples.
Marking points
- Sariska: villagers defended habitats by opposing mining through the Wildlife Protection Act.1
- Alwar: community-led protection in Bhairodev Dakav 'Sonchuri' through prohibition of hunting and protection against outside encroachments.1
- Chipko: resistance to deforestation and/or successful community afforestation with indigenous species.1
- Beej Bachao Andolan and Navdanya: adequate diversified production without synthetic chemicals was economically viable.1
- JFM: village institutions protect degraded forests and participating members receive forest-produce benefits.1
Frequently asked questions
What does Forest and Wildlife Resources cover in Class 10 Geography?
It covers flora and fauna in daily life, visual evidence of human–forest connections, project Tiger and named reserves, permanent forest estates, community action and livelihoods and chipko's conservation contribution. AI Lessons teaches it in 4 lessons: Biodiversity and the Need for Conservation, Tiger Conservation and Forest Categories, Forest Distribution and Community Action and Traditional Conservation and Chapter Practice.
Is Forest and Wildlife Resources in the CBSE Class 10 board exam?
Yes. CBSE assesses Forest and Wildlife Resources in the 2026-27 year-end board examination.
Apart from resisting deforestation, what achievement is attributed to the Chipko movement?
Demonstrating successful community afforestation with indigenous species. Chipko demonstrated that community afforestation with indigenous species could be enormously successful.
Which idea is conveyed by the quotation attributed to Gautama Buddha about a tree and the axemen who destroy it?
Trees generously provide benefits and protection even to those who harm them. The quotation describes a tree offering shade even to the axemen who destroy it.
What kinds of questions come from Forest and Wildlife Resources?
Board-pattern questions for this chapter include multiple choice (1 mark), very short answer (2 marks), short answer (3 marks), long answer (5 marks) and case-based (4 marks). AI Lessons has 93 of them for Forest and Wildlife Resources, each with a marking scheme.
How does AI Lessons teach Forest and Wildlife Resources?
As 4 narrated, animated lessons (28 scenes, about 22 minutes in all), with an AI tutor that knows the step you are on and board-pattern practice with marking schemes. The full lessons open after sign-in on an AI Lessons account.
Watch the full lesson
Forest and Wildlife Resources, as a narrated, animated lesson
4 lessons · 28 animated scenes · about 22 minutes, with an AI tutor that knows the step you are on and 93 board-pattern questions with marking schemes.
Lessons open after sign-in. A parent or guardian holds the account and adds each child.